Overview of Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste Recycling 

Any material produced by construction, demolition, remodelling, or reconstruction of any building, road, project etc., is called Construction and Demolition (C&D)Waste. This can include concrete, bricks, and stone in addition to damaged machinery, building material packaging, chemically tainted rags, and more. On any site, whether it is being used for constructed or demolished, construction debris cannot be avoided. A Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste Management plan must therefore consider how you handle garbage from construction and building projects and any measures one takes to lessen the quantity of waste. All building contractors must first recycle, repurpose, and reduce demolition and construction trash before disposing of it. Additionally, it is the responsibility of the project proponent to manage C&D Waste appropriately. The Environmental Agency enforces this, and failing to do so could cost the project dearly in the form of significant penalties.

Storage, disposal and removal of all construction waste produced in operations are the project proponent's responsibility. It is crucial that you comprehend the right procedures to adhere to for all the building waste you produce. Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste management promotes the following:

• environmental sustainability
• human health protection
• ethical waste management.

Types of Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste

Waste from the building sector comes in many different forms. These can be divided into three groups in general:

• Inert trash- consists of items like dirt, bricks, stones, asphalt, concrete, and asphalt. Most of the waste from construction, demolition, and excavation is made up of it. It should not be disposed of in a landfill because it is neither chemically nor biologically reactive and will not disintegrate.
• Non-hazardous waste - any waste that does not endanger the environment or human health is non-hazardous waste. This covers the recycling of plastic, glass, and metal.
• Hazardous waste - Hazardous waste from C&D waste needs to be handled by experts, the waste that may be detrimental to human health, such as asbestos.

Benefits of Construction Waste Recycling Business

Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste adds to the load on landfills, which are becoming increasingly scarce. Thus, waste management is crucial. Hazardous materials can pollute soil and water if demolition and building debris are not properly managed. Building companies must carefully manage their trash to protect the environment and preserve the planet's natural resources. Responsible construction waste management minimises environmental harm and helps preserve the world's natural resources.

Waste management in the construction industry is essential for several reasons, including:

• Adherence - Construction businesses must use the waste management hierarchy to minimise waste. For every load of rubbish that leaves your site, you must legally complete a waste transfer notice.
• Lower cost - Costs should go down if you reuse materials from past projects because you will not have to pay disposal fees or landfill tax. 
• Health and safety - Prudent waste management reduces potential risks and mishaps on your construction site.
• Corporate environmental responsibility - Your company's moral duty is to reduce the volume of construction waste produced and ends up in landfills. Natural resources are put under less stress when we reduce, reuse, and recycle.
• Good reputation - It is getting more and more crucial to manage a building site responsibly. Building a solid reputation in your neighbourhood involves showcasing your dedication to the environment. Maintaining good standards for waste management might also aid in getting financing from the government.
• A progressive work ethic - Workers who follow ethical trash disposal procedures could feel compelled to follow them at home. This might affect how they behave in potential future jobs.

Documents required for Construction Waste Recycling Business

These are the following documents that are required for Construction Waste Recycling Business:

• Layout design
• Process Flow Chart
• GST Certificate
• PAN Card of Authorized Signatory
• Details of Installed Machinery
• Proof of Site Ownership or Rent/Lease Agreement
• Factory License/Trade License

Requirement of Construction and Demolition (C&D) WasteRecycling Business

The 2016 C&D Trash Management Rules must be followed for disposing of construction waste. The C&D Waste Management Rules of 2016 also specify the SOP for starting a construction waste recycling company. For example, a company that crushes building waste requires a Pollution NOC from SPCB under the Red Category. In this situation, authorisation under solid waste management rules will be necessary. Urban Local Bodies' approval and tender for trash management will also be required. Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) are regarded by the MoEF&CC as a crucial tool for managing construction waste.

A construction waste management facility must abide by the SPCB's pollution control standards and get the appropriate authorisation from the SPCB in accordance with all regulations that apply to their mode of operation. All these laws can be complicated and time-consuming, and they frequently result in firms losing out on the chance to obtain the necessary approvals and tenders at the appropriate moment. However, professional assistance may make the entire procedure simple and quick.

Clearances required for Construction and Waste Recycling Business

License, Permission and Registration required for a Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste Recycling Business are:

1. GST Registration - Every business that conducts interstate business or has revenue above the threshold level must register for GST. According to the GST Act of 2017, any company or establishment with a yearly revenue of at least Rs 40 lakh must register for GST.

2. MSME Registration - The main advantage of MSME registration for a business entity is that it gives the entity a unique number that makes it identifiable. By hiring a significant number of unskilled and semi-skilled individuals, the growth of these MSME companies will strengthen the economy while also lowering unemployment.

3. Factory License - Every business that is covered by the Factory Act of 1948 is required by law to have a factory licence. According to this Act, every industrial owner must obtain certification from the local government before starting a firm.

4. NOC by State Pollution Control Board - The Air (P&CP) Act, 1981, and the Water(P&CP) Act, 1974 require a C&Dwaste recycling plant to have a valid authorisation before the Pollution Control Committee or the State Pollution Control Board does not renew or grant registration to the business.

For businesses outside India:

The municipal, state and federal governments require various licences and permits before starting a waste management business.

Doing business as (DBA), health licences and permits from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), copyrights, trademarks, patents, and other intellectual properties, as well as industry-specific licences and permits, are examples of federal regulations, licences, and permits related to starting your business.

Procedure of Construction Waste Recycling Business

The following is the procedure to obtain authorisation prior to the construction of a  C&D Waste Recycling Business:

1. The applicant must apply the SWM Rules, 2016, in Form 1 to the appropriate SPCB/PCC, together with the required paperwork.
2. The Member Secretary will review documents to assess the proposed site's competency and disposal capacity. A site inspection will be done as soon as the authorities are satisfied with the applicant's declarations.
3. Following a thorough review and site inspection, the relevant State Pollution Control Board or Pollution Control Committee will authorise the C&D waste Management Facility in Form III as required by the rules.