{"id":57486,"date":"2023-05-31T16:37:31","date_gmt":"2023-05-31T11:07:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/?p=57486"},"modified":"2023-05-31T16:37:34","modified_gmt":"2023-05-31T11:07:34","slug":"what-are-the-types-of-copyright-infringement-in-india","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/what-are-the-types-of-copyright-infringement-in-india\/","title":{"rendered":"What Are The Types Of Copyright Infringement In India?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>With\nthe use of the internet, things have become so accessible in a way that we can\nfind anything on the internet. People copy anything from the internet and\npresent it as their own without realising that it is someone else&#8217;s original\nwork. For using someone else&#8217;s work, you will be required to take authorisation\nfrom the owner of the work. All such acts of copying someone else&#8217;s original\nwork come under Copyright Infringement. Moreover, copyright and its\ninfringement are governed by <strong>the Copyright Act of 1957<\/strong><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.indiacode.nic.in\/bitstream\/123456789\/1367\/1\/copy1957___14.pdf\"><strong>[1]<\/strong><\/a><\/sup>. The act determines copyright\ninfringement as a serious offence. In this article, we will discuss about\nCopyright Infringement and the different types of Copyright Infringement in\nIndia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Unlike a <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/trademark-registration\">trademark<\/a><\/strong>, a copyright is automatically granted once a person produces any original work, and the copyright will be violated as soon a person uses or copies the original work of someone else. The authority and right to use, distribute, reproduce, etc., is available only to the copyright owner. In order to understand better, let\u2019s take an example, the film-maker has the copyright over his film, book writer or author has the copyright over his book.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"cursor:pointer\">Page Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/what-are-the-types-of-copyright-infringement-in-india\/#What_is_Copyright\" >What is\nCopyright?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/what-are-the-types-of-copyright-infringement-in-india\/#Why_is_there_a_Need_for_Copyright\" >Why is there a\nNeed for Copyright?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/what-are-the-types-of-copyright-infringement-in-india\/#Copyright_Infringement\" >Copyright\nInfringement<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/what-are-the-types-of-copyright-infringement-in-india\/#Types_of_Copyright_Infringement\" >Types of\nCopyright Infringement<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/what-are-the-types-of-copyright-infringement-in-india\/#Deciding_a_Place_Where_Copyright_Infringement_Can_Take_Place\" >Deciding a\nPlace Where Copyright Infringement Can Take Place<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/what-are-the-types-of-copyright-infringement-in-india\/#Process_of_Claiming_Ownership_of_Copyright\" >Process of\nClaiming Ownership of Copyright<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/what-are-the-types-of-copyright-infringement-in-india\/#Remedies_Available_for_Copyright_Infringement_in_India\" >Remedies\nAvailable for Copyright Infringement in India<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/what-are-the-types-of-copyright-infringement-in-india\/#Copyright_Violations_Amounting_To_a_Cognizable_Offence\" >Copyright\nViolations Amounting To a Cognizable Offence<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/what-are-the-types-of-copyright-infringement-in-india\/#Criminal_Punishment_for_Copyright_Violations\" >Criminal\nPunishment for Copyright Violations<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/what-are-the-types-of-copyright-infringement-in-india\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_Copyright\"><\/span>What is\nCopyright?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Before\nwe discuss the types of Copyright Infringement, let\u2019s discuss the meaning of\nCopyright. The term &#8220;copyright&#8221; describes a group of legal rights of\nthe person who is the creator of the original work or authorship, such as\nliterature, art, music, etc. Only the creator of the original work or the\ncopyright owner has the over the work. Furthermore, he can give access to use\nor maintain the work to someone else, and only then any other person can use\nsomebody else&#8217;s copyrighted work only for the purpose as prescribed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As\nper Section 14 of the Copyright Act of 1957, copyright gives the exclusive right\nto perform or authorise the performance of any of the following actions in\nrelation to a work or any significant portion thereof:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Any kind of reproduction\nis permitted, including saving the work in any format.<\/li><li>Publicise the work and\ndistribute copies of it.<\/li><li>Execute the Task in\nPublic.<\/li><li>Create any cinematic Film\non the original work.<\/li><li>Make a translation or an\nadaption of the work.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_is_there_a_Need_for_Copyright\"><\/span>Why is there a\nNeed for Copyright?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Due to copyright, the creator of the work gets ownership of his work, and he gets legal protection in respect of his rights. Therefore, no other person can use his work without the copyright owner&#8217;s permission. The most important part is that the owner of the work has the right and control over his work, and he can sell, reproduce, and distribute his work as per his choice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With the help of copyright, your work is also promoted along with your name on it while protecting the owner&#8217;s exclusive rights. The copyrighted work provides recognition of the owner of the work. He can also get monetary benefits if his work is sold or distributed, along with certain other incentives and rewards. Copyright also works as an encouragement for the people. It lets them develop new and unique ideas to get recognition in society for their unique and original work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Copyright_Infringement\"><\/span>Copyright\nInfringement<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The\nunauthorised use of a work protected by copyright is referred to as copyright\ninfringement. Thus, the unauthorised use of someone else&#8217;s copyrighted work\nviolates the owner&#8217;s rights, such as the right to reproduce, distribute,\nexhibit, or perform the protected work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Copyright\nViolated is specified in Section 51 of the Copyright Act. It states that a\ncopyright violation occurs when:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Any act that the\ncopyright owner is entitled to perform is performed by any other person without\nthe copyright holder&#8217;s consent.<\/li><li>Unless he was unaware or\nhad no cause to suspect that such consent would result in a breach of\ncopyright, a person authorises using the location for communication, sale,\ndistribution, or display of an infringing work.<\/li><li>Importing pirated works\nor copies of original work.<\/li><li>Without the copyright\nholder&#8217;s permission, someone reproduces his work in any way.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Types_of_Copyright_Infringement\"><\/span>Types of\nCopyright Infringement<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The\ntypes of Copyright Infringement can be broadly classified as Primary and\nSecondary infringement. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Primary Infringement<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This\nis one of the main types of Copyright Infringement, The act of duplicating the\ncopyright holder&#8217;s work is referred to as primary infringement. For instance,\nmaking copies of books to distribute them for profit. However, a person could\ncopy some part of the original work, like a paragraph from an article, then the\nCopyright owner is required to prove two things:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Significant Taking<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A\ncopyright violation occurs when an unauthorised individual copies a significant\nportion of the work. For example, copying a quote or a rhyming line from the\nwhole story.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The\ncourt considers how the average person will see the work when making their\ndecision. It is considered plagiarism if the average person says that he has\ncopied the work from any other source.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The\ncourt will then verify whether the writing style, mistakes, and vocabulary of\nboth the works are similar or not. If the work is similar, then it will be the\nproof of violation. The infringement claim will not be affected by the person&#8217;s\nsmall modifications to a copyright holder&#8217;s work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Casual Relationship<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The\ncopyright owner must demonstrate a resemblance between their works and those of\nthe infringement. This might, however, be for a number of other reasons, such\nas both people might have referred to a similar source for the purpose of\nresearch. In such instances, the copyright owner cannot claim infringement of\nhis copyright.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Secondary Infringement<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The\nterm &#8220;secondary infringement&#8221; describes the violation of copyright\nwithout actually reproducing it. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Deciding_a_Place_Where_Copyright_Infringement_Can_Take_Place\"><\/span>Deciding a\nPlace Where Copyright Infringement Can Take Place<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Suppose\nsomeone decides on a location and uses it (for profit) for displaying someone\nelse&#8217;s work to the public. Such an act of communicating to the public will\namount to copyright infringement. In such instances, that person may be held\naccountable for the crime of copyright infringement. However, the individual\ncannot be held responsible for copyright infringement if they are ignorant or\nhave no cause to suspect that violation will occur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It\nis significant to remember that the person should let the location be held\naccountable for copyright infringement for &#8220;profit&#8221;. If an NGO rents\nout the space, the NGO cannot be held accountable for the situation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Selling Unauthorized\nCopies<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>If\nsomeone else copies and sell the work of the copyright owner, it will amount to\ncopyright infringement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Selling Or Distributing Illegal\nCopies<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Copyright\ninfringement occurs when someone distributes illegal copies of works that are\nalready copyrighted in someone else&#8217;s name. For example, when someone freely\nuploads a movie on the internet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Importing Illegal Copies<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A\ncopyright violation also occurs when an Indian copyright holder imports the\ninfringing work. However, copyright infringement would not have occurred if the\noffender imported the infringing work for domestic or personal use.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Process_of_Claiming_Ownership_of_Copyright\"><\/span>Process of\nClaiming Ownership of Copyright<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>After discussing the types of Copyright\nInfringement, now let\u2019s discuss the process of claiming ownership of Copyright:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Submission Of Documents<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The first step while <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/copyright-registration\">copyright registration<\/a><\/strong> is to provide certain required documents to the copyright office, such as an application form, copies of original work, proof of payment, and an affidavit from the copyright owner stating it is his original work. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Time Taken For Copyright\nRegistration <\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Remember\nthat the copyright office typically takes 6 to 8 months to process your\ncopyright application.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Validity of Copyright\nProtection <\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Your\noriginal work will be protected under copyright for a period till the life of\nthe copyright owner, plus for 60 more years after his death. Moreover, any\ncopyright taken on behalf of the company will be in force for 60 years from the\ndate of publication.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Transfer of Copyright\nOwnership <\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Copyright\nownership can be transferred either by license or assignment in writing after\nthe signature of both parties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Remedies_Available_for_Copyright_Infringement_in_India\"><\/span>Remedies\nAvailable for Copyright Infringement in India<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In\ncase of copyright infringement, the following are available for the copyright\nowner:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Injunction \u2013 <\/strong>The\ncopyright owner can seek remedy from the court to put a stay order on further\nuse of his original work by the other party.<\/li><li><strong>Damages \u2013 <\/strong>The\ncopyright owner is also liable to get compensation for the losses that occurred\ndue to copyright infringement.<\/li><li><strong>Seize And Destroy The\nInfringing Copies \u2013 <\/strong>The court can also order\nto seize and destroy the copies that result in infringement of the copyright.<\/li><li><strong>Share in Profit \u2013 <\/strong>The\ncopyright owner can also get a share in the profit of the infringing party\nearned through copyright infringement.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Copyright_Violations_Amounting_To_a_Cognizable_Offence\"><\/span>Copyright\nViolations Amounting To a Cognizable Offence<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>An\noffence that is considered serious enough to require an immediate arrest and in\nwhich a police officer does not require a warrant from a magistrate to arrest a\nperson is known as a Cognizable Offence of Copyright Infringement. According to\nIndia&#8217;s Copyright Act of 1957, copyright infringement is a criminal subject to\nboth imprisonment and monetary damages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Law\nenforcement can make an immediate, warrantless arrest where copyright\ninfringement is considered a cognizable violation. This implies that the police\nhave the authority to immediately make an arrest if someone is found to be\nbreaching copyright. According to the Copyright Act, anybody found guilty of\ncopyright infringement may get imprisonment for a term extending up to three\nyears or a fine, or both.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Criminal_Punishment_for_Copyright_Violations\"><\/span>Criminal\nPunishment for Copyright Violations<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For\na copyright breach that is deemed criminal, the minimum punishment is six\nmonths of imprisonment and a minimum fine of Rs. 50,000. The minimum punishment\nfor a second or subsequent conviction is one year of imprisonment and a Rs.\n1,000,000 fine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;A few instances of copyright violations\ninclude illegal distribution, public performance, adaptation, and replication.\nThese activities are illegal, and as a result, the infringer can face legal\naction. In contrast to civil remedies, which include injunctions, damages, and\nprofit accounts, criminal sanctions only include fines and imprisonment. If the\nowner of the protected content files a complaint, the police are obligated to\ntake action against the perpetrator. The police have the right to seize copies\nof the infringing work and even prosecute the perpetrator.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>At last, the goal of copyright is to preserve the creator&#8217;s legal rights while also offering financial incentives. The purview of copyright encompasses all literary or creative works, including computer software and databases. Although registering a work to qualify for copyright protection is not necessary, doing so is frequently encouraged because it can be used as evidence in court.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"text-left\"><b>Read Our Article<\/b>: <mark style=\"background: #fffd03 !important;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/type-of-works-protected-by-copyright-in-india\/\">What Type Of Works Protected By Copyright In India?<\/a><\/mark><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>With the use of the internet, things have become so accessible in a way that we can find anything on the internet. People copy anything from the internet and present it as their own without realising that it is someone else&#8217;s original work. For using someone else&#8217;s work, you will be required to take authorisation [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":59,"featured_media":57487,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[190],"tags":[3709],"acf":{"service_id":"21"},"authorName":"Anushka Saxena","authorImageUrl":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/MicrosoftTeams-image-109.jpg","authorDescription":"Anushka Saxena is a final year law student from Indore Institute of Law. She is an hardworking, dedicated and fun-loving person. Her area of interest lies in corporate laws and IPR.","postViews":4330,"readingTime":6,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57486"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/59"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=57486"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57486\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":57489,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57486\/revisions\/57489"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/57487"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=57486"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=57486"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=57486"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}