{"id":56363,"date":"2023-05-06T14:28:06","date_gmt":"2023-05-06T08:58:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/?p=56363"},"modified":"2025-03-21T17:55:52","modified_gmt":"2025-03-21T12:25:52","slug":"section-148a-right-to-lodge-a-caveat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/section-148a-right-to-lodge-a-caveat\/","title":{"rendered":"Section 148A: Right to Lodge a Caveat"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Section 148A of the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC) pertains to the right to lodge a caveat. This is a notice given by a person to a court or public office to prevent certain actions from being taken without that person&#8217;s prior notice. The effect of lodging a caveat is that the court or public officer must give notice to the person lodging the caveat if any application or proceeding is instituted in respect of the matter. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This gives the person lodging the caveat an opportunity to appear before the court and be heard before any orders are made. However, a caveat is a protective measure, and it is not a substitute for filing a suit or proceeding. If a person lodges a caveat, they must still file a suit or proceed within the relevant limitation period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"cursor:pointer\">Page Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/section-148a-right-to-lodge-a-caveat\/#Meaning_of_Caveat\" >Meaning of Caveat<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/section-148a-right-to-lodge-a-caveat\/#Historical_Development_of_Caveat\" >Historical Development of Caveat<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/section-148a-right-to-lodge-a-caveat\/#Section_148A_of_the_Code_of_Civil_Procedure_1908\" >Section 148A of the Code of Civil Procedure,\n1908<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/section-148a-right-to-lodge-a-caveat\/#Essentials_of_Section_148A\" >Essentials of Section 148A<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/section-148a-right-to-lodge-a-caveat\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Meaning_of_Caveat\"><\/span>Meaning of Caveat<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The word \u2018caveat\u2019 is not defined anywhere in <strong>the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908<\/strong><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.indiacode.nic.in\/bitstream\/123456789\/2191\/1\/A1908-05.pdf\"><strong>[1]<\/strong><\/a><\/sup>. However, the literal meaning of the caveat is &#8216;<strong><em>let the person beware<\/em>\u2019<\/strong>. According to the Code of Civil Procedure, it&#8217;s a kind of precautionary measures taken by the individual who has a fear\/apprehends that a case might be lodged against him in a court of law whereby by filing a <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/caveat-petition\">caveat petition<\/a><\/strong>, he or she makes it aware to the court that this step if taken, should be made aware to them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the matter of <strong><em>Nirmal Chandra Dutta<\/em> v. <em>Girindra Narayan Roy &amp; Ors<\/em><\/strong>. The\ncourt explained that a caveat is a caution or warning made to the court not to\nissue any grant or take any action without providing notice to the party\nlodging the caveat. It&#8217;s an action done as a safeguard against the grant of\nprobate. It is a petition that demands that the caveator, who submits a caveat\npetition, have proper notice and that the applicant not be awarded any action\nor relief without first notifying the caveator.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Historical_Development_of_Caveat\"><\/span>Historical Development of Caveat<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The concept of a caveat has existed in the legal system for centuries.\nIn the common law system, a caveat was originally used in the context of\nprobate matters, where it was used to prevent the grant of probate without\nprior notice to the caveator.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In India, the concept of a caveat was first introduced in the Civil Procedure Code (CPC) in 1908. The Code of Civil Procedure (Amendment) Act, 1976 introduced Section 148A into the CPC. The provision was introduced to provide a mechanism for protecting the interests of a person who claims a right to appear before a court in a suit or proceeding. This provision was introduced on the recommendation of the 54th Law Commission\u2019s report by the Civil Procedure Code (Amendment) Act 104 of 1976.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Also Read: <a href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/what-is-the-purpose-of-a-caveat\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">What Is The Purpose Of A Caveat?<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The introduction of <strong>Section 148A<\/strong> was a significant development in the legal system, as it provided a statutory right to lodge a caveat in civil matters. This enabled parties to protect their interests and receive notice of any applications or proceedings that may affect their rights. Over the years, Section 148A has undergone several amendments. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The latest amendment was made in 2002 by the Code of Civil Procedure (Amendment) Act 2002. The amendment introduced a requirement for the person lodging the caveat to provide an affidavit stating the grounds on which the caveat is based.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Section_148A_of_the_Code_of_Civil_Procedure_1908\"><\/span>Section 148A of the Code of Civil Procedure,\n1908<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Under Section 148A of the CPC, any person claiming a right to appear\nbefore a court in a suit or proceeding is entitled to lodge a caveat. The\ncaveat must be in writing and addressed to the court or public officer that may\ndeal with the matter. The caveat should contain the name, description, and\naddress of the person lodging it, as well as a statement of the rights claimed\nby the person. This section is mandatory in nature and contains a precautionary\nmeasure to ensure that the caveator is heard before any adverse decision is\nmade against him.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Essentials_of_Section_148A\"><\/span>Essentials of Section 148A<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A person who\nasserts to have a right to appear before the court may submit a petition of\ncaveat under clause 1 of <strong>section 148 A<\/strong>\nin the following situations:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>&nbsp;When there is an\napprehension of application;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Where a prior application has been submitted;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>When there is an anticipation of a lawsuit that will be\nfiled against him;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In a case that has already been filed.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>In these\nsituations, the caveator might lodge a caveat; thereafter, he is duty-bound to\ngive notice of the caveat to the person against whom the caveat is lodged. And\nonce the caveat is lodged, it is the duty of the court to give notice to the\ncaveator whenever an application is filed against him. The duration of the\ncaveat will be 90 days from the date of filing the caveat, and it can be\nextended by the order of the court. Thus, the caveat will no longer be in\neffect 90 days after the day it was filed unless the application mentioned in\nsubsection (1) was submitted prior to the end of the allotted time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Persons with an interest in the court&#8217;s order who anticipate that an order could be issued against them are granted the opportunity to file a caveat. A person who believes that his interests may be jeopardised if an order is made without taking them into consideration as a precautionary measure available to him in the form of a caveat. If the court receives an application within 90 days of the caveat being filed, it is required to notify the caveator of the application by serving him with a notice; otherwise, the order made by the court will be void.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"text-left\"><b>Read Our Article<\/b>: <mark style=\"background: #fffd03 !important;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/who-can-file-a-caveat-petition\/\">Who Can File A Caveat Petition?<\/a><\/mark><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Section 148A of the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC) pertains to the right to lodge a caveat. This is a notice given by a person to a court or public office to prevent certain actions from being taken without that person&#8217;s prior notice. The effect of lodging a caveat is that the court or public [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":35,"featured_media":56364,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[3372],"tags":[3579],"acf":{"service_id":"614"},"authorName":"Karan Singh","authorImageUrl":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/processed-1-150x150.jpeg","authorDescription":"A legal writing enthusiast, a wanderer, and a zealous reader. After gaining a lot of knowledge about the diverse legal topics and developing research skills, Karan joined the league of legal content writers to deliver quality-rich blogs.","postViews":4115,"readingTime":4,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56363"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/35"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=56363"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56363\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":69147,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56363\/revisions\/69147"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/56364"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=56363"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=56363"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=56363"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}