{"id":52334,"date":"2023-02-13T18:53:09","date_gmt":"2023-02-13T13:23:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/?p=52334"},"modified":"2023-02-13T18:53:10","modified_gmt":"2023-02-13T13:23:10","slug":"rules-governing-hazardous-waste-disposal-in-india","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/rules-governing-hazardous-waste-disposal-in-india\/","title":{"rendered":"Rules Governing Hazardous Waste Disposal in India"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Hazardous\nwaste is any waste that poses a risk to human health or the environment due to\nphysical, chemical, biological, reactive, poisonous, combustible, explosive, or\ncorrosive properties. It includes waste generated during the manufacturing\nprocesses of commercial products, such as industries involved in petroleum\nrefining, pharmaceutical production, petroleum, paint, aluminium, and\nelectronic devices, among others. According to data provided by the Central\nPollution Control Board (CPCB) in 2015, the total amount of hazardous waste in\nthe country is 7.46 million metric tonnes per year from approximately 44,000\ncompanies. The fundamental goal of a hazardous waste\ndisposal management programme is to alter how hazardous waste disposal is\nhandled so that it may be transported, stored, and disposed of in a way that is\nsafe for the environment. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The focus of handling hazardous waste shifts to possible hazards\nto the environment and public health. Usually, hazardous garbage that has been\ndumped outdoors is burned. Open burning and incineration produce particles,\nnitrogen oxides, potent odours, and other air pollutants. The soil and water\nare polluted by open dumping. Solid waste leftovers that are disposed of cause\nwater contamination.&nbsp;&nbsp; As industrialization increases, worry over handling hazardous\nwaste disposal is growing. Commercial products such as cleaning products,\npesticides and liquids, solids, gases, sludge, and by-products of manufacturing\noperations are all considered hazardous wastes.&nbsp;The regulations on\nHazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016,\nfully explain the hazardous and other waste management procedures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"cursor:pointer\">Page Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/rules-governing-hazardous-waste-disposal-in-india\/#Definition_of_Hazardous_Waste\" >Definition of Hazardous Waste<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/rules-governing-hazardous-waste-disposal-in-india\/#Importance_of_Hazardous_Waste_Disposal\" >Importance of Hazardous Waste Disposal<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/rules-governing-hazardous-waste-disposal-in-india\/#Hazardous_Waste_Disposal_Problem\" >Hazardous Waste Disposal Problem<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/rules-governing-hazardous-waste-disposal-in-india\/#Hazardous_Waste_Import_and_Export_problem\" >Hazardous\nWaste Import and Export problem<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/rules-governing-hazardous-waste-disposal-in-india\/#Reforms_and_Suggestions\" >Reforms and Suggestions&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/rules-governing-hazardous-waste-disposal-in-india\/#E-Portals_for_Form_Submissions\" >E-Portals for Form Submissions<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/rules-governing-hazardous-waste-disposal-in-india\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Definition_of_Hazardous_Waste\"><\/span>Definition of Hazardous Waste<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Hazardous\nwastes are defined under Section 3(17) of Regulations on Hazardous and Other\nWastes (Management and Transboundary Movement), 2016. In layman&#8217;s terms,\nhazardous waste is any waste that poses a significant risk to human health or\nthe environment. The law defines numerous hazardous waste classes, from\nexplosive to highly toxic. Therefore, learning how to detect and handle such\nwaste is essential. These wastes can be recognized by analyzing their\nconstituent elements. Lab testing is another option, although it can be\nextremely costly. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Importance_of_Hazardous_Waste_Disposal\"><\/span>Importance of Hazardous Waste Disposal<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a class=\"text-primary\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/hazardous-waste-management\">Hazardous waste<\/a><\/strong>, such as\nused oil, lead acid battery scraps, spent catalysts, waste tyres, paper waste,\nmetal scrap, and so on, are used as raw material by industries involved in\nwaste recycling and as a supplementary resource for material and energy recovery.\nAs a result, it is always better to use such material for recycling or resource\nrecovery rather than dumping or incineration. Around 1080 registered recyclers,\n47 cement factories approved for co-processing, and approximately 108 companies\npermitted for hazardous waste disposal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Unsafe\ndisposal of hazardous and other waste through burning or incineration emits\ntoxic fumes containing Dioxins and Furans, Mercury, and heavy metals, resulting\nin air pollution and associated health concerns. Disposal in bodies of water or\nmunicipal dumps causes harmful discharges due to land and water leaching,\nresulting in soil and water quality degradation. Workers that engage in such\nunethical practices suffer from neurological illnesses, skin diseases, genetic\nflaws, cancer, and other disorders. As a result, there is a need for\nenvironmentally appropriate waste management that includes prevention,\nminimization, reuse, recycling, recovery, and utilization, as well as\nco-processing and safe waste disposal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hazardous_Waste_Disposal_Problem\"><\/span>Hazardous Waste Disposal Problem<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Industrial\nwaste generation and disposal concerns for hazardous waste have been increasing\nnationwide. Despite the existence of some standards and regulations, more needs\nto be done to address this garbage truly. There needs to be more suitable\ninfrastructure and personnel. India generates around 7.46 million metric tonnes\nof hazardous garbage, with Gujarat being the main contributor. Several states\nlack hazardous waste disposal, storage, and treatment capabilities. Therefore\nit is critical to establish specific guidelines to regulate the industry. The\nenvironmentally sound collection, storage, packing, transportation, and\ntreatment of hazardous waste reduces the negative impact on human health and\nthe environment. Individual waste generators can dispose of hazardous waste in\ncaptive treatment facilities or at Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage,\nand Disposal Facilities (TSDFs).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Objectives of the\nHWM Rule<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Before\nthe disposal step, waste management often supports recycling, reusing, and\nreducing waste. Hazardous waste can also be reused or used as a material for\ngenerating energy in some cases by recovering a component or acting as a raw\nmaterial for certain recycling operations. Material recovery includes, for\nexample, employing fly ash as an alternative raw material for cement production\nand recovering copper from cable wastes. On the other hand, energy recovery\nrefers to using these hazardous wastes as fuels, particularly in the cement\nindustry. Furthermore, reducing hazardous waste benefits both human health and\nthe environment. This is why hazardous waste disposal has recently received so\nmuch attention. The following are the objective of the HWM Rule.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>In recent decades, there have been multiple\nincidents of chemical and hazardous waste being deposited in bodies of water or\nin considerable quantities in landfills, damaging the land and leading to toxic\nemissions into bodies of water. This is hazardous to the ecosystem, including\nair, water, land, and any living things that consume them. Inhaling or eating\nsuch pollutants in any form causes various health problems.<\/li><li>The regulations on Hazardous and Other Wastes\n(Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016, demand proper training to\nbe offered to workers throughout their job training as well as otherwise, and\nthese are listed in the rules as strict criteria. However, training to personnel\nmust be offered in the hands of the facility&#8217;s operators and those who perform\nhazardous waste disposal jobs.<\/li><li>The National Institute of Environmental Health\nSciences offers a Hazardous Waste Worker Training Program in the United States.\nSuppose the relevant authorities offer such training and programmes. In that\ncase, the training delivered in Indian facilities may become more regularised\nand easier to alter in response to guidelines and technological advances.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hazardous_Waste_Import_and_Export_problem\"><\/span>Hazardous\nWaste Import and Export problem<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>An\nessential issue to note on the import and export of Hazardous waste according\nto the 2016 guidelines, no country can export hazardous Waste to India for\nfinal disposal. Therefore, India exclusively imports hazardous wastes only for\nrecycling or reuse, as the dumping of hazardous waste or disposal is prohibited.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Several\napprovals from the Ministry of Environment, Forests, and Climate Change are\nnecessary for certain instances, such as the import of second-hand electrical\nand electronic parts. Importing hazardous wastes may necessitate a permit from\nthe Directorate General of Foreign Trade. Following the application,\nauthorization may be granted only if the importer has environmentally sound\nfacilities and suitable waste treatment plans. The 2016 standards specify how\nthe treatment, storage, and disposal facility will be created. The technique\nfor doing so is outlined below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Central Pollution\nControl Board<\/strong><sup><a class=\"text-primary\" href=\"https:\/\/cpcb.nic.in\/\"><strong>[1]<\/strong><\/a><\/sup> has issued instructions for the establishment of the\nplant. In this case, permission from the State Pollution Control Board is\nrequired for the layout. The State Pollution Control Board is also expected to\nmonitor both the facility&#8217;s construction and functioning regularly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Reforms_and_Suggestions\"><\/span>Reforms and Suggestions&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The 2016\nstandards specify how the treatment, storage, and disposal facility will be\ncreated. The Central Pollution Control Board has issued instructions for the\nestablishment of the plant. In this case, permission from the State Pollution\nControl Board is required for the layout. The State Pollution Control Board is\nalso expected to regularly monitor the facility&#8217;s construction and functioning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"E-Portals_for_Form_Submissions\"><\/span>E-Portals for Form Submissions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The 2016\nguidelines are crucial for ensuring proper hazardous waste disposal. However,\nthe issue of the Rules being unduly stringent is rather obvious. The preceding\nproposals, such as the construction of an online portal, could be tremendously\nhelpful in making access to these forms easier. Training personnel will also\nhelp to ensure that the necessary requirements are met.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Due to\nthe consequences of not dealing with hazardous waste properly, it is evident\nthat strict laws are an imperative must when it comes to hazardous waste\nmanagement. Interactions between critical authorities and facility operators\ncould be channelled through faster portals, such as e-portals, making life\neasier for the business.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Case Laws<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol><li><em>The Commissioner of Customs vs M\/S City Office Equipment Writ Appeal Nos.1215 of 2019 and 938, 941, 943, 984, 1022, 1023, 1025, 1026 and 1027 of 2019<\/em> <br>In this case, on April 25, 2019 (Madras High Court), the Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016, were implemented because one of the steps needed to be followed a difficulty with the import. This is why it is critical to understand and closely adhere to the protocols.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><em>M.C. Mehta v. Union of India and Others<\/em><br><em>Writ Petition (Civil) No. 3727 of 1985<\/em><br>In this case, apart from industries, more than 250 towns and cities had been ordered to put sewage treatment plants. Six hundred tanneries located in Kolkata&#8217;s densely populated residential areas have been relocated to a planned Leather Complex in the state of West Bengal. The Court shut down a huge number of enterprises and only allowed them to reopen after they installed effluent treatment units and reduced pollution. As a result of these directives, millions of people have been spared the effects of air and water pollution in the Ganga basin, which spans eight Indian states.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Waste management and Hazardous Waste Disposal is a developing concern and significantly impacts environmental conditions. Furthermore, hazardous waste affects the people in its area and must be handled cautiously. It is critical to have well-informed workers who are aware of the rules and their rights to protect themselves and receive government support in case of any differences. Waste management legislation must be updated regularly to reflect technological advances in the industry. It is also critical to review training programmes connected to technology changes and keeps employees informed about them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"text-left\"><b>Read Our Article<\/b>: <mark style=\"background: #fffd03 !important;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/hazardous-waste-management-authorization-norms\/\">Hazardous Waste Management Authorization Norms: An Overview<\/a><\/mark><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hazardous waste is any waste that poses a risk to human health or the environment due to physical, chemical, biological, reactive, poisonous, combustible, explosive, or corrosive properties. It includes waste generated during the manufacturing processes of commercial products, such as industries involved in petroleum refining, pharmaceutical production, petroleum, paint, aluminium, and electronic devices, among others. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":52,"featured_media":52350,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[888],"tags":[3074],"acf":{"service_id":"496"},"authorName":"Suchandra Mukherjee","authorImageUrl":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MicrosoftTeams-image-52-1.jpg","authorDescription":"Suchandra is a 5th Year Law Student, pursuing Law from University of Mumbai. She has published 100+ Articles and Blogs on Legal Portals and International Multidisciplinary peer-reviewed journals. She is adept at legal research and can write fast SEO-friendly creative articles and blog posts on legal topics. She loves to paint and watch thriller movies in her free time.","postViews":4842,"readingTime":6,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52334"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/52"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=52334"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52334\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":52336,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52334\/revisions\/52336"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/52350"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=52334"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=52334"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=52334"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}