{"id":29782,"date":"2021-05-06T12:42:06","date_gmt":"2021-05-06T07:12:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/?p=29782"},"modified":"2021-05-06T12:42:07","modified_gmt":"2021-05-06T07:12:07","slug":"legality-associated-with-the-declaration-and-payment-of-dividend-in-a-company","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/legality-associated-with-the-declaration-and-payment-of-dividend-in-a-company\/","title":{"rendered":"Legality Associated with the Declaration and Payment of Dividend in a Company"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap\">The Dividend is basically a profit that is paid to the Company&#8217;s shareholders. It is often paid annually to the shareholder after drafting the final accounts of profit, and the same has to be distributed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Shareholders&#8217; right on profit\nas dividends only comes up after the declaration of the Dividend made by the\nCompany after getting approval from BODs. The amount paid relating to Dividend\nis directly proportional to the amount paid on the Company&#8217;s shareholders&#8217; share\nas per section 51 of the Act.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"cursor:pointer\">Page Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/legality-associated-with-the-declaration-and-payment-of-dividend-in-a-company\/#Declaration_of_Dividends_in_Registered_Company\" >Declaration of Dividends in Registered Company&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/legality-associated-with-the-declaration-and-payment-of-dividend-in-a-company\/#Non-Payment_of_Dividends\" >Non-Payment of Dividends&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/legality-associated-with-the-declaration-and-payment-of-dividend-in-a-company\/#Procedure_Regarding_the_Declaration_Payment_of_Dividend\" >Procedure Regarding the Declaration &amp; Payment of\nDividend<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/legality-associated-with-the-declaration-and-payment-of-dividend-in-a-company\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Declaration_of_Dividends_in_Registered_Company\"><\/span>Declaration of Dividends in Registered Company&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Section 123 of the <strong><em>Companies Act 2013<\/em><\/strong><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Companies_Act_2013\"><strong><em>[1]<\/em><\/strong><\/a><\/sup> has provided some provisions when the companies are allowed to declare or pay dividends in a fiscal year:-<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Source of Dividend<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Company can declare the dividends out of:-<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"355\" src=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/The-Company-can-declare-the-dividends-out-of.png\" alt=\"Company can declare the dividends\" class=\"wp-image-29807\" srcset=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/The-Company-can-declare-the-dividends-out-of.png 1000w, https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/The-Company-can-declare-the-dividends-out-of-300x107.png 300w, https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/The-Company-can-declare-the-dividends-out-of-768x273.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Reserving fund for daily operations<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Before making a declaration\nregarding dividends, the Company has to reserve the required fund to run the\nday-to-day operation.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Declaration regarding the dividends<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>If the Company wishes to\ndeclare a Dividend depending on the profit collected in the past years, such\ndeclaration should be made on the basis of predetermined rules. Board consent\nis necessary to declare the dividends. The Company can make a declaration\nregarding dividends only after availing permission from the Board of Directors\nin the general meetings.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Independent account for dividends<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Company must keep the\ndividend amount in an independent bank account within five days from the\ndeclaration date.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Paying Dividends via Cash<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dividends are usually paid in\ncash as per the action. The amount of Dividend should be allotted to the legit\nshareholders only. Such payment mode is opted to necessitate that some of\nCompany&#8217;s asset has flown out to the shareholder.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Non-conformity with section 73&amp;74<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Staying in a complaint with\nsections 73 and 74 is necessary for the Company before making a Dividend\ndeclaration. It is important to note that any violation of the said sections\nwill dilute the Company&#8217;s right to dividend declaration. The declaration can\nonly come into existence after the Company resolves the issue regarding\nrepayment of deposits &amp; borrowings from the public.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Transfer of unclaimed Dividend<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>If the declared Dividend has not been claimed within thirty\ndays by the shareholder, then within 30-37 days of the declaration, the Company\nhas to transfer the unpaid amount in the Unpaid Dividend Account. If the\nCompany fails to furnish such amount in the given timeline, the Company must\npay a standard interest on the amount unpaid at 12 % per annum.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong><em>Notification on the Company&#8217;s portal:<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;After dispensing the amount to unpaid dividend\naccount, within the timeline of 90 days, the Company has to prepare a statement\nreflecting name, address, and amount of Dividend to be paid to Company&#8217;s\nshareholder and put the same on Company&#8217;s website and other portals recommended\nby the central government.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The claimant of the amount has\nto apply to the Company for payment of Dividend. If the Company fails to pay\nthe said amount in the given period, then it will be relieved of the liability\nof holding shares or reflecting the same in its shareholder&#8217;s list.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Transfer of Unpaid Dividend to Protection Fund &amp;\nInvestor Education<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>If any amount is not claimed for more than seven years, it\nhas to be transferred to the Investor Education and Protection Fund of the\nCompany. After dispensing the fund, the authority who maintains it should make\na declaration for the same. Apart from that, the authority is also required to\nissue a receipt that acts as an evidence for such transaction. But there has to\nbe certain condition that the claimant can acquire it back whenever the need\narises.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The fund also\nencompasses grants by the government, the monetary contribution made to\nCompany, matured debenture &amp; several other funds as per the Act.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>The fund also includes grants by governments, donations made to the Company, matured debentures, and various other funds in the requirements of the Act.<\/li><li>Penalty in case of non-payment: the Company will have to face a fine ranging from 5 lakh to 25 lakh, and every particular official liable for it is to be penalized individually with a fine ranging from 1 lakh to 5 lakhs.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"text-left\"><b>Read our article<\/b>:<mark style=\"background: #fffd03 !important;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/know-about-private-limited-company-india\/\">All you need to Know about Private Limited Company<\/a><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Non-Payment_of_Dividends\"><\/span>Non-Payment of Dividends&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>A penalty will be invoked if the Company fails to stay compliant with the provision of the Act.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>The Company should pay the entire dividend amount within 30\ndays from its declaration. Soon after the declaration, the Dividend turns into\ndebt and it should be furnished to the concerned members in the year that the\ndeclaration has been made.&nbsp;<\/li><li>If there is a violation, then the Company&#8217;s director has to\nconfront penalties including imprisonment, which may extend to two years.\nBesides, the director has to bear a fine not less than Rs 1000\/day, which stays\nas long as the default remains with a simple interest of 18%.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>However, no offense under the section shall be considered to have committed:-<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Where the dividends\ncould not be paid due to the presence of operation of any law;<\/li><li>Where shareholders fail\nto comply with the directions and same has been intimated to him;<\/li><li>Where there is&nbsp;conflict\nrelated to the right to receive the Dividend;<\/li><li>Where the dividends have\nbeen legally allotted by the Company against any sum due to it from\nshareholder; or<\/li><li>For any other reason,\nthe default to pay the Dividend or to post the warrant within the timeline as\nper section 127 was not due to any default on the part of the firm.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Procedure_Regarding_the_Declaration_Payment_of_Dividend\"><\/span>Procedure Regarding the Declaration &amp; Payment of\nDividend<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>There must be a legitimate\nprocess in place in a company for declaring and paying dividends. The section\nbelow illustrates the same.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Notification regarding the meeting of Directors<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Under Section 173 of the Act,\nthe matter associated with dividends must be declared in the general meeting\nattend by BODs. The same must be communicated with the concerned\ndirectors.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hold Necessary Meetings<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>All the resolutions associated\nwith the dividends have to be collectively examined and passed in board\nmeetings. The resolutions may enclose approving the annual P&amp;L accounts,\ndeciding the final amount of dividends, checking the date of book closure &amp;\ngiving consent to the AGM notice as the same has to be discussed &amp; approved\nin the Company&#8217;s general meeting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Declaration of dividends<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>After the resolutions&#8217;\napproval, the Company must declare dividends as per provisions of section 123.\nThe organizations don&#8217;t need to opt for the dividends&#8217; declaration every year,\nand the BODs hold the rights to declare Dividends. There is no provision under\ncompany law that forces the BODs to utilize all their profits by declaring a\nDividend.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Open Bank Account<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Company must open an\nautonomous bank account for making payment regarding the Dividend. After the\ndeclaration, the Company should credit the entire amount to the said account\nwithin five days.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Payment of Dividend<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Dividend must be paid to\nCompany&#8217;s shareholders in cash within thirty days after the declaration has\nbeen made. While doing so, the Company should stay compliant with sections 73\nand 74 of the Act.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Processing of unpaid Dividend<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Company must transfer the\nunclaimed dividend amount to the unpaid dividend account as per section 124.\nAfter the period of seven years, the said amount must be transferred to\nInvestor Education &amp; Protection Fund if not claimed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Every type of investment offers a certain level of returns. Dividends can be referred to as a profit that shareholders earn after investing in the Company&#8217;s shares. A dividend doesn&#8217;t stick to a standard value as it keeps fluctuating based on the Company&#8217;s profit. The Company shall decide upon the kind of Dividend to be paid since it is crucial to keeps investors satisfied.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"text-left\"><b>Read our article<\/b>:<mark style=\"background: #fffd03 !important;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/roles-of-directors-and-shareholders-in-a-company\/\">A Detailed Outlook on the Roles of Directors and Shareholders in a Company<\/a><\/mark><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Dividend is basically a profit that is paid to the Company&#8217;s shareholders. It is often paid annually to the shareholder after drafting the final accounts of profit, and the same has to be distributed. Shareholders&#8217; right on profit as dividends only comes up after the declaration of the Dividend made by the Company after [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":29789,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[1717],"acf":{"service_id":"1"},"authorName":"Pankaj Tyagi","authorImageUrl":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/MicrosoftTeams-image-42.jpg","authorDescription":"Pankaj has a diverse experience of writing research papers, blog, and articles during his college time. Earlier, he was working as a tax consultant in a financial firm, but his interest in writing drives him to pursue a career in the writing field.","postViews":3774,"readingTime":5,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29782"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/22"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29782"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29782\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29808,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29782\/revisions\/29808"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29789"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29782"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29782"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corpbiz.io\/learning\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29782"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}